The diagnosis of a pituitary tumour usually causes significant concern for the patient, especially as it involves a small but functionally crucial structure in the brain. Throughout my career as a neurosurgeon, I have treated numerous cases of pituitary pathology, confirming that early diagnosis and an appropriate surgical approach allow for excellent outcomes.
At the Arráez Institute, we address Pituitary tumours in Málaga from a multidisciplinary perspective, combining surgical expertise, advanced technology, and a comprehensive endocrinological assessment.
The pituitary gland is a small gland located at the base of the brain, behind the nose. It is often called the "master gland" because it produces hormones that control many bodily functions, such as growth, metabolism, reproduction, and stress response. The most common type of pituitary tumour is a **pituitary adenoma**. These are benign (non-cancerous) tumours that arise from the cells of the pituitary gland. Pituitary adenomas can be classified based on whether they produce hormones (functioning adenomas) or not (non-functioning adenomas), and by the type of hormone they produce. Other less common types of tumours that can affect the pituitary gland include: * **Carcinomas**: These are malignant (cancerous) tumours of the pituitary gland, which are very rare. * **Rathke's cleft cysts**: These are benign cysts that can develop in the pituitary gland. * **Metastatic tumours**: These are cancers that have spread to the pituitary gland from other parts of the body. * **Craniopharyngiomas**: These are tumours that arise from remnants of the embryonic tissue that forms the pituitary gland. They can be benign or malignant and are often found in children and adults.
The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland located at the base of the skull, in a bony cavity known as the sella turcica. Despite its small size, it regulates multiple essential hormonal functions, including growth, metabolism, thyroid function, adrenal function, and reproductive function, among others.
Pituitary tumours are usually benign adenomas, although can cause significant alterations due to:
- Excessive hormone production (prolactin, growth hormone, ACTH).
- Compression of neighbouring structures, especially the optic nerve.
- Persistent headache.
The diagnosis is based on hormonal studies and high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Not all tumours require immediate surgery; some can be managed medically or with regular monitoring.
However, when there is visual compromise, progressive growth or significant hormonal alterations, the Pituitary tumour surgery in Málaga becomes the most effective therapeutic option.
Trans-sphenoidal endoscopic surgery: technique of choice
Currently, the most widely used surgical approach is the Endoscopic surgery transsphenoidal. This technique allows access to the tumour through the nasal passages, without the need for external cranial incisions.
Among its main advantages are:
- Minimally invasive surgery.
- Reduction in hospital stay.
- Faster recovery.
- High rate of tumour control.
The key to success lies in the experience of the surgical team and in precise planning based on detailed imaging studies. At the Arráez Institute, we have systems for neuronavigation which allow for exact tumour localization, increasing the safety of the procedure.
The aim is always twofold: to remove the tumour and to preserve normal hormonal function as far as possible.
In conclusion, pituitary tumours are common and treatable conditions when approached in a specialised manner. Surgical expertise and an individualised approach make the difference in outcomes.
If you have symptoms such as visual disturbances, unexplained hormonal changes, or persistent headaches, it is advisable to have a specialist assessment. If you have been diagnosed with a pituitary tumour, please make an appointment with me at Arráez Institute in Málaga to receive an expert and personalised assessment.